Coating

Definitions
Coating  means the application of protective, functional, or decorative films.

Coating means, for the purposes of this subpart, a material spray-applied to a substrate for decorative, protective, or functional purposes. For the purposes of this subpart, coating does not include the following materials:
 * 1) Decorative, protective, or functional materials that consist only of protective oils for metal, acids, bases, or any combination of these substances.
 * 2) Paper film or plastic film that may be pre-coated with an adhesive by the film manufacturer.
 * 3) Adhesives, sealants, maskants, or caulking materials.
 * 4) Temporary protective coatings, lubricants, or surface preparation materials.
 * 5) In-mold coatings that are spray-applied in the manufacture of reinforced plastic composite parts.

Coating Components
Virtually every coating contains four basic components:
 * Binder, Resin, or Polymer  — holds together the other components prior to application and forms a protective film on the surface (the surface is also called a substrate) to which the coating is applied. Binders can be oils, varnishes and proteins.
 * Pigment  — fine solid particles that hide the surface providing decorative colors and sometimes corrosion resistance. Raw umber, a type of iron ore, is used extensively as a pigment and is olive green in color.
 * Solvent  — helps the flow of the coating material and aids in application. For example, water is a solvent for sugar. However, in many coating formulations, a chemical referred to as a solvent, may not be dissolving anything, but simply diluting or thinning the formulation.
 * Additives  — in general, manufacturers put additives into coatings for one or more reasons, including aiding in manufacturing, enhancing application characteristics, or improving the properties of the coating once it is cured. For example, some additives help prevent mildew from forming once the coating has cured.